{"id":39335,"date":"2023-02-15T07:30:13","date_gmt":"2023-02-15T12:30:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/?p=39335"},"modified":"2024-08-10T13:04:24","modified_gmt":"2024-08-10T17:04:24","slug":"eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas\/","title":{"rendered":"E\u00f3lica e solar s\u00e3o mais baratas do que petr\u00f3leo e g\u00e1s, e agora?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"39335\" class=\"elementor elementor-39335 elementor-6345\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2350ac01 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2350ac01\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"has_eae_slider elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4d0a5de\" data-id=\"4d0a5de\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7466fff6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7466fff6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><\/p>\n<p>Solar PV and onshore wind (for new-build generation) is cheaper for 2\/3 of the global population, including the US and China. Now what?<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Problems with a solar-wind world<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Critics of widespread wind &amp; solar point to its over-hyped environmental prowess and economic inefficiency. Now that it&#8217;s cheap, let&#8217;s highlight key problems with the current clean energy process.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<h4>Capacity factors<\/h4>\n<h4><em>The sun does not always shine and the wind does not always blow<\/em>.<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>The capacity factor of renewables are lower than coal, gas and nuclear (capacity factor of 85-90 percent). Onshore wind units place 40 percent capacity, whereas solar facilities use 30 percent or less.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Capacity values are \u201cthe ability to reliably meet demand.\u201d\n<ul>\n<li>Using capacity values as a metric, the price of wind &amp; solar spikes due to the unreliability during peak demand and necessary back-ups on stand-by to ensure contingent power.<\/li>\n<li>As reliability and capacity values go \u2191, the price of renewables will go \u2193<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>If widely adopted, renewables would cost higher on average. Less efficient geographic regions need to build solar and wind infrastructure, reducing economies of scale.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>The Institute for Energy Research estimates that wind power is about twice as expensive as conventional gas-fired power, and that solar power is almost three times as expensive (capacity value).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Environmental cost<\/h4>\n<h4><em>It&#8217;s better than oil, but it&#8217;s serious. Let&#8217;s talk about it.<\/em><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Heavy land use: <a href=\"https:\/\/sustainablereview-com.preview-domain.com\/breaking-down-the-green-new-deal\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Green New Deal<\/a> would require over 100 million acres to power America at the same capacity as oil &amp; gas. That\u2019s larger than the state of California. With all that space needed, it would inevitably spill into ecologically sensitive areas.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Production and disposal: We would probably import metals for the wind turbines and solar panels from China. Even with tariffs, it makes more economic sense. As much as 78 million metric tons worldwide by 2050 will come from solar panel waste.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Impact on wildlife: hundreds of thousands of <a href=\"https:\/\/abcbirds.org\/top-10-myths-wind-energy-birds\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https:\/\/abcbirds.org\/top-10-myths-wind-energy-birds\/\">birds die every year<\/a> at the hands of wind turbines.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>Weak regulation: Wind energy development, for example, has voluntary, non-mandatory federal guidelines (even during the Obama years). Assuming that wind energy companies would behave better than their fossil fuel predecessors and willingly regulate themselves is a mistake.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>Reliability<\/h4>\n<h4><em>Frequent backups still use fossil fuels.<\/em><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>When wind and solar can&#8217;t produce enough electricity, fossil fuels are used as backups. The idea behind renewables is that if we eventually use enough solar and wind, our dependency on fossil fuels will disappear.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>The problem? Based on today&#8217;s reliability of renewables, the climate impact of a GND-sized solar-wind market would be near net-zero.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Bottom line<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Using <a href=\"https:\/\/about.bnef.com\/blog\/scale-up-of-solar-and-wind-puts-existing-coal-gas-at-risk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">research conducted by BloombergNEF<\/a> and this <a href=\"https:\/\/informationisbeautiful.net\/beautifulnews\/1315-solar-wind-cheapest\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">graphic illustrated by BeautifulNews<\/a>, we can now say wind &amp; solar <span class=\"ILfuVd\"><span class=\"hgKElc\">\u2014<\/span><\/span> at face value \u2014 are cheaper than oil &amp; gas in most of the world. But that&#8217;s just the first step. If we want to continue the shift away from fossil fuels, we still need better solutions.\n<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><strong>Panorama geral<\/strong> A energia solar fotovoltaica e a energia e\u00f3lica onshore (para gera\u00e7\u00e3o de novas constru\u00e7\u00f5es) agora s\u00e3o mais baratas para 2\/3 da popula\u00e7\u00e3o global, incluindo os EUA e a China.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><strong>Desvantagens da<\/strong> energia e\u00f3lica e solar Os cr\u00edticos da dissemina\u00e7\u00e3o da energia e\u00f3lica e solar apontam para sua inefici\u00eancia e proeza ambiental exagerada.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:list {\"ordered\":true} --><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Fatores e valores de capacidade: <em>O sol nem sempre brilha e o vento nem sempre sopra<\/em>.\n<ul>\n<li>O fator de capacidade das energias renov\u00e1veis \u00e9 menor do que o do carv\u00e3o, g\u00e1s e nuclear, que t\u00eam um fator de capacidade de 85% a 90%. As unidades e\u00f3licas em terra t\u00eam 40% de capacidade, enquanto as instala\u00e7\u00f5es solares usam 30% ou menos.<\/li>\n<li>Os valores de capacidade s\u00e3o &#8220;a capacidade de atender \u00e0 demanda de forma confi\u00e1vel&#8221;. Usando os valores de capacidade como m\u00e9trica, o pre\u00e7o da energia e\u00f3lica e solar aumenta devido \u00e0 falta de confiabilidade durante o pico de demanda e aos backups necess\u00e1rios em stand-by para garantir energia contingente. \u00c0 medida que os valores de confiabilidade e capacidade forem \u2191, o pre\u00e7o das energias renov\u00e1veis ser\u00e1 \u2193<\/li>\n<li>Se amplamente adotadas, as energias renov\u00e1veis custariam mais caro, em m\u00e9dia. As regi\u00f5es geogr\u00e1ficas menos eficientes precisam construir infraestrutura solar e e\u00f3lica, reduzindo as economias de escala.<\/li>\n<li>O Institute for Energy Research estima que a energia e\u00f3lica \u00e9 cerca de duas vezes mais cara que a energia convencional a g\u00e1s, e que a energia solar \u00e9 quase tr\u00eas vezes mais cara (em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao seu valor de capacidade).<\/li>\n<li>Fatores\/valores de capacidade resumidos: a energia e\u00f3lica e solar \u00e9 mais barata em 2\/3 do mundo, mas quando voc\u00ea leva em conta a confiabilidade e a conting\u00eancia, ela ainda \u00e9 mais cara.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Custo ambiental: \u00e9 <em>melhor do que o petr\u00f3leo, \u00e9 s\u00e9rio. Vamos falar sobre isso.<\/em>\n<ul>\n<li>Uso intenso da terra: O Green New Deal exigiria mais de 100 milh\u00f5es de acres para fornecer energia aos Estados Unidos com a mesma capacidade do petr\u00f3leo e do g\u00e1s. Isso \u00e9 maior do que o estado da Calif\u00f3rnia. Com todo esse espa\u00e7o necess\u00e1rio, voc\u00ea inevitavelmente se espalharia por \u00e1reas ecologicamente sens\u00edveis.<\/li>\n<li>Produ\u00e7\u00e3o e descarte: Provavelmente importar\u00edamos metais para as turbinas e\u00f3licas e pain\u00e9is solares da China. Mesmo com as tarifas, isso faz mais sentido do ponto de vista econ\u00f4mico. At\u00e9 2050, 78 milh\u00f5es de toneladas m\u00e9tricas em todo o mundo ser\u00e3o provenientes de res\u00edduos de pain\u00e9is solares.<\/li>\n<li>Impacto na vida selvagem: centenas de milhares de p\u00e1ssaros morrem todos os anos nas m\u00e3os de turbinas e\u00f3licas.<\/li>\n<li>Regulamenta\u00e7\u00e3o fraca: O desenvolvimento da energia e\u00f3lica, por exemplo, tem diretrizes federais volunt\u00e1rias e n\u00e3o obrigat\u00f3rias (mesmo durante os anos de Obama). \u00c9 um erro supor que as empresas de energia e\u00f3lica se comportariam melhor do que suas antecessoras de combust\u00edveis f\u00f3sseis e se regulamentariam por conta pr\u00f3pria.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Confiabilidade: <em>Os backups frequentes ainda usam combust\u00edveis f\u00f3sseis.<\/em>\n<ul>\n<li>Quando a energia e\u00f3lica e a solar n\u00e3o conseguem produzir eletricidade suficiente, os combust\u00edveis f\u00f3sseis s\u00e3o usados como reserva.<\/li>\n<li>O problema? Com base na confiabilidade atual das energias renov\u00e1veis, o impacto clim\u00e1tico de um mercado e\u00f3lico-solar do tamanho do GND seria quase zero.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><strong>Conclus\u00e3o<\/strong> Agora podemos dizer que a energia e\u00f3lica e a solar s\u00e3o mais baratas (pelo valor nominal) do que o petr\u00f3leo e o g\u00e1s (na maior parte do mundo). Mas esse \u00e9 apenas o primeiro passo. Se quisermos continuar a nos afastar dos combust\u00edveis f\u00f3sseis, ainda precisamos de solu\u00e7\u00f5es melhores.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":6346,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3091],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>E\u00f3lica e solar s\u00e3o mais baratas do que petr\u00f3leo e g\u00e1s, e agora? &#8212; Sustainable Review<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"E\u00f3lica e solar s\u00e3o mais baratas do que petr\u00f3leo e g\u00e1s, e agora? &#8212; Sustainable Review\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Panorama geral A energia solar fotovoltaica e a energia e\u00f3lica onshore (para gera\u00e7\u00e3o de novas constru\u00e7\u00f5es) agora s\u00e3o mais baratas para 2\/3 da popula\u00e7\u00e3o global, incluindo os EUA e a China.  Desvantagens da energia e\u00f3lica e solar Os cr\u00edticos da dissemina\u00e7\u00e3o da energia e\u00f3lica e solar apontam para sua inefici\u00eancia e proeza ambiental exagerada.  Fatores e valores de capacidade: O sol nem sempre brilha e o vento nem sempre sopra.O fator de capacidade das energias renov\u00e1veis \u00e9 menor do que o do carv\u00e3o, g\u00e1s e nuclear, que t\u00eam um fator de capacidade de 85% a 90%. As unidades e\u00f3licas em terra t\u00eam 40% de capacidade, enquanto as instala\u00e7\u00f5es solares usam 30% ou menos.Os valores de capacidade s\u00e3o &quot;a capacidade de atender \u00e0 demanda de forma confi\u00e1vel&quot;. Usando os valores de capacidade como m\u00e9trica, o pre\u00e7o da energia e\u00f3lica e solar aumenta devido \u00e0 falta de confiabilidade durante o pico de demanda e aos backups necess\u00e1rios em stand-by para garantir energia contingente. \u00c0 medida que os valores de confiabilidade e capacidade forem \u2191, o pre\u00e7o das energias renov\u00e1veis ser\u00e1 \u2193Se amplamente adotadas, as energias renov\u00e1veis custariam mais caro, em m\u00e9dia. As regi\u00f5es geogr\u00e1ficas menos eficientes precisam construir infraestrutura solar e e\u00f3lica, reduzindo as economias de escala.O Institute for Energy Research estima que a energia e\u00f3lica \u00e9 cerca de duas vezes mais cara que a energia convencional a g\u00e1s, e que a energia solar \u00e9 quase tr\u00eas vezes mais cara (em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao seu valor de capacidade).Fatores\/valores de capacidade resumidos: a energia e\u00f3lica e solar \u00e9 mais barata em 2\/3 do mundo, mas quando voc\u00ea leva em conta a confiabilidade e a conting\u00eancia, ela ainda \u00e9 mais cara.Custo ambiental: \u00e9 melhor do que o petr\u00f3leo, \u00e9 s\u00e9rio. Vamos falar sobre isso.Uso intenso da terra: O Green New Deal exigiria mais de 100 milh\u00f5es de acres para fornecer energia aos Estados Unidos com a mesma capacidade do petr\u00f3leo e do g\u00e1s. Isso \u00e9 maior do que o estado da Calif\u00f3rnia. Com todo esse espa\u00e7o necess\u00e1rio, voc\u00ea inevitavelmente se espalharia por \u00e1reas ecologicamente sens\u00edveis.Produ\u00e7\u00e3o e descarte: Provavelmente importar\u00edamos metais para as turbinas e\u00f3licas e pain\u00e9is solares da China. Mesmo com as tarifas, isso faz mais sentido do ponto de vista econ\u00f4mico. At\u00e9 2050, 78 milh\u00f5es de toneladas m\u00e9tricas em todo o mundo ser\u00e3o provenientes de res\u00edduos de pain\u00e9is solares.Impacto na vida selvagem: centenas de milhares de p\u00e1ssaros morrem todos os anos nas m\u00e3os de turbinas e\u00f3licas.Regulamenta\u00e7\u00e3o fraca: O desenvolvimento da energia e\u00f3lica, por exemplo, tem diretrizes federais volunt\u00e1rias e n\u00e3o obrigat\u00f3rias (mesmo durante os anos de Obama). \u00c9 um erro supor que as empresas de energia e\u00f3lica se comportariam melhor do que suas antecessoras de combust\u00edveis f\u00f3sseis e se regulamentariam por conta pr\u00f3pria.Confiabilidade: Os backups frequentes ainda usam combust\u00edveis f\u00f3sseis.Quando a energia e\u00f3lica e a solar n\u00e3o conseguem produzir eletricidade suficiente, os combust\u00edveis f\u00f3sseis s\u00e3o usados como reserva.O problema? Com base na confiabilidade atual das energias renov\u00e1veis, o impacto clim\u00e1tico de um mercado e\u00f3lico-solar do tamanho do GND seria quase zero.  Conclus\u00e3o Agora podemos dizer que a energia e\u00f3lica e a solar s\u00e3o mais baratas (pelo valor nominal) do que o petr\u00f3leo e o g\u00e1s (na maior parte do mundo). Mas esse \u00e9 apenas o primeiro passo. Se quisermos continuar a nos afastar dos combust\u00edveis f\u00f3sseis, ainda precisamos de solu\u00e7\u00f5es melhores.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Sustainable Review\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-02-15T12:30:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-08-10T17:04:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/1315-solar-wind-cheapest.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2160\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"2160\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jared Wolf\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@http:\/\/twitter.com\/jar3dwolf\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@sustainreview\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jared Wolf\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. tempo de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Jared Wolf\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/#\/schema\/person\/9aab44dc72cd3c3d0bae867ca5bdf3bb\"},\"headline\":\"E\u00f3lica e solar s\u00e3o mais baratas do que petr\u00f3leo e g\u00e1s, e agora?\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-02-15T12:30:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-08-10T17:04:24+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas\/\"},\"wordCount\":660,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/1315-solar-wind-cheapest.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Energia e meio ambiente\"],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas\/\",\"name\":\"E\u00f3lica e solar s\u00e3o mais baratas do que petr\u00f3leo e g\u00e1s, e agora? 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Desvantagens da energia e\u00f3lica e solar Os cr\u00edticos da dissemina\u00e7\u00e3o da energia e\u00f3lica e solar apontam para sua inefici\u00eancia e proeza ambiental exagerada.  Fatores e valores de capacidade: O sol nem sempre brilha e o vento nem sempre sopra.O fator de capacidade das energias renov\u00e1veis \u00e9 menor do que o do carv\u00e3o, g\u00e1s e nuclear, que t\u00eam um fator de capacidade de 85% a 90%. As unidades e\u00f3licas em terra t\u00eam 40% de capacidade, enquanto as instala\u00e7\u00f5es solares usam 30% ou menos.Os valores de capacidade s\u00e3o \"a capacidade de atender \u00e0 demanda de forma confi\u00e1vel\". Usando os valores de capacidade como m\u00e9trica, o pre\u00e7o da energia e\u00f3lica e solar aumenta devido \u00e0 falta de confiabilidade durante o pico de demanda e aos backups necess\u00e1rios em stand-by para garantir energia contingente. \u00c0 medida que os valores de confiabilidade e capacidade forem \u2191, o pre\u00e7o das energias renov\u00e1veis ser\u00e1 \u2193Se amplamente adotadas, as energias renov\u00e1veis custariam mais caro, em m\u00e9dia. As regi\u00f5es geogr\u00e1ficas menos eficientes precisam construir infraestrutura solar e e\u00f3lica, reduzindo as economias de escala.O Institute for Energy Research estima que a energia e\u00f3lica \u00e9 cerca de duas vezes mais cara que a energia convencional a g\u00e1s, e que a energia solar \u00e9 quase tr\u00eas vezes mais cara (em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao seu valor de capacidade).Fatores\/valores de capacidade resumidos: a energia e\u00f3lica e solar \u00e9 mais barata em 2\/3 do mundo, mas quando voc\u00ea leva em conta a confiabilidade e a conting\u00eancia, ela ainda \u00e9 mais cara.Custo ambiental: \u00e9 melhor do que o petr\u00f3leo, \u00e9 s\u00e9rio. Vamos falar sobre isso.Uso intenso da terra: O Green New Deal exigiria mais de 100 milh\u00f5es de acres para fornecer energia aos Estados Unidos com a mesma capacidade do petr\u00f3leo e do g\u00e1s. Isso \u00e9 maior do que o estado da Calif\u00f3rnia. Com todo esse espa\u00e7o necess\u00e1rio, voc\u00ea inevitavelmente se espalharia por \u00e1reas ecologicamente sens\u00edveis.Produ\u00e7\u00e3o e descarte: Provavelmente importar\u00edamos metais para as turbinas e\u00f3licas e pain\u00e9is solares da China. Mesmo com as tarifas, isso faz mais sentido do ponto de vista econ\u00f4mico. At\u00e9 2050, 78 milh\u00f5es de toneladas m\u00e9tricas em todo o mundo ser\u00e3o provenientes de res\u00edduos de pain\u00e9is solares.Impacto na vida selvagem: centenas de milhares de p\u00e1ssaros morrem todos os anos nas m\u00e3os de turbinas e\u00f3licas.Regulamenta\u00e7\u00e3o fraca: O desenvolvimento da energia e\u00f3lica, por exemplo, tem diretrizes federais volunt\u00e1rias e n\u00e3o obrigat\u00f3rias (mesmo durante os anos de Obama). \u00c9 um erro supor que as empresas de energia e\u00f3lica se comportariam melhor do que suas antecessoras de combust\u00edveis f\u00f3sseis e se regulamentariam por conta pr\u00f3pria.Confiabilidade: Os backups frequentes ainda usam combust\u00edveis f\u00f3sseis.Quando a energia e\u00f3lica e a solar n\u00e3o conseguem produzir eletricidade suficiente, os combust\u00edveis f\u00f3sseis s\u00e3o usados como reserva.O problema? Com base na confiabilidade atual das energias renov\u00e1veis, o impacto clim\u00e1tico de um mercado e\u00f3lico-solar do tamanho do GND seria quase zero.  Conclus\u00e3o Agora podemos dizer que a energia e\u00f3lica e a solar s\u00e3o mais baratas (pelo valor nominal) do que o petr\u00f3leo e o g\u00e1s (na maior parte do mundo). Mas esse \u00e9 apenas o primeiro passo. Se quisermos continuar a nos afastar dos combust\u00edveis f\u00f3sseis, ainda precisamos de solu\u00e7\u00f5es melhores.","og_url":"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas\/","og_site_name":"Sustainable Review","article_published_time":"2023-02-15T12:30:13+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-08-10T17:04:24+00:00","og_image":[{"width":2160,"height":2160,"url":"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/1315-solar-wind-cheapest.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Jared Wolf","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@http:\/\/twitter.com\/jar3dwolf","twitter_site":"@sustainreview","twitter_misc":{"Escrito por":"Jared Wolf","Est. tempo de leitura":"3 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas\/"},"author":{"name":"Jared Wolf","@id":"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/#\/schema\/person\/9aab44dc72cd3c3d0bae867ca5bdf3bb"},"headline":"E\u00f3lica e solar s\u00e3o mais baratas do que petr\u00f3leo e g\u00e1s, e agora?","datePublished":"2023-02-15T12:30:13+00:00","dateModified":"2024-08-10T17:04:24+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas\/"},"wordCount":660,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/1315-solar-wind-cheapest.png","articleSection":["Energia e meio ambiente"],"inLanguage":"pt-BR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas\/","url":"https:\/\/sustainablereview.com\/pt-br\/eolica-solar-mais-barata-que-petroleo-e-gas\/","name":"E\u00f3lica e solar s\u00e3o mais baratas do que petr\u00f3leo e g\u00e1s, e agora? 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